The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has once again reshaped our understanding of the early universe, revealing galaxies forming far earlier than previously thought. Among its latest discoveries, the telescope has identified JADES-GS-z14-0, the most distant known galaxy, appearing just 290 million years after the Big Bang. This challenges existing cosmological models, which had predicted a slower timeline for galaxy formation.

Adding to the intrigue, JWST has also detected barred spiral galaxies in these early epochs—structures that were believed to require billions of years to evolve. The presence of such galaxies suggests that the universe was more structured and less chaotic in its formative stages than scientists previously assumed.

One of the most unexpected findings comes from the rotational patterns of early galaxies. A study of 263 galaxies in the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) field revealed that nearly two-thirds rotate in the same direction. This unexpected asymmetry challenges the long-held assumption that galaxy rotations should be randomly distributed across the cosmos. Some scientists are now exploring unconventional theories, such as “black hole cosmology,” which proposes that our universe might exist within a spinning black hole.

These groundbreaking discoveries, published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, are prompting astronomers to reconsider fundamental aspects of cosmic evolution. As JWST continues to push the boundaries of our knowledge, its findings may lead to a complete revision of our understanding of the universe’s earliest moments.

For more information, visit NASA’s official website.